Tool



O. D. HAPGOOD .Toon

Filed Sept 15 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 A TTORNE Y Jufiy 241, 1923. 1,462,963

0. D. HAPGOOD TOOL Filed Sept. 15. 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR CV/uwu/ 0. JfWwd BY 4% WW Wm ATTORNEY i 1,462,963 0. D. HAPGOOD J ly 24, 1923.

' TOOL Filed Sept. 15. 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 i INVENTOR A TTORNEY July 24, 1923'.

O. D. HAPGOOD TOOL Filed Se t. 15

1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 llllll IN V EN TOR ATTORNEY Patented July 24, 1923.

- Umrs STATES I w y 1 2%? PATENT oFFicE.--

OSCAR D. HAPGOOD, OF MONTAGUE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO GOODFLL-PRATT COMPANY, OF GREENFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

TOOL.

Application filed September 15, 1922. Serial No. 588,304.

To all whom it may concern Be it knownthat I, Oscan D. HAPGOOD, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Montague, Franklin County, Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Tools, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in tools, and particularly to that class of tools in which motion is imparted from a crank handle to a rotatable tool-carrying spindle, the principal object of the invention being to provide improved motion transmitting means between the handle and spindle whereby the spindle is capable of a great variety of adjustments for fast or slow, ratchet or direct motion, either in the same or the opposite direction from that of the handle.

A further object of the invention is to provide,,in combination with a tool of the character set forth, a member adapted to serve the double function of a clutch and a ratchet.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in the novel features of construction and combination of parts which will be more fully described hereinafter and particularly pointed out in the claims. 7

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification,

Figure 1 is a side elevation, partly broken away, of a tool embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary, sectional, side view taken at right angles to Fig. 1, the crank and driving gear being removed;

Fig. 3 is a central, longitudinal section of the tool shown in Fig. 1; 1

Fig. 4: is a fragmentary, side view of the tool looking from left to right of Figs. 1

F ig..l0 is a perspective view of one of the single clutch members;

v Fig. 11 is a perspective view of one of M The same characters of reference designate the same parts in the different figures of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, 2 designates the housing or frame of the tool, within which is mounted for rotation a shaft or spindle 3, carrying at its lower end a chuck 4 of the usual construction for gripping a tool, the spindle being providedwith a pcripheral groove for the reception ofthe'end of a set screw 5 threaded into the housing for retaining the spindle against lengthwise movement. A

Mounted for rotation upon the spindle 3 is a plurality of bevel pinions, shown herein as four in number, arranged in pairs at opposite sides of the longitudinal center" of the housing, each pair comprising an outermost pinion 6 and an innermost pinion6; The pinions of each pair are 'maintained spaced apart by means of a sleeve '7, within which is located a double clutch member'or sleeve 8 having at each end face thereof'a pair of oppositely disposed teeth 9 adapted to engage teeth.or lugs 10 formed in the abutting faces of the pinions 6 and 6 the spacing sleeve 7 being of sufficient length to permit the teeth of the clutch members to be held entirely out ofengagementwith both of the pinions. The teeth of these clutch members are so formed and disposed relatively toeach other that when they are in partial engagement with the teeth of either of the pinions they will act as ratchet teeth and permit the teeth of the pinions to slide over them in one direction, butwhen they are in full engagement with the pinionteeth they will lock the clutch member and pinion.

for movement together in both directions:

The clutch members 8 are provided with keys 11 adapted to engage longitudinal grooves formed in the spindle 3, whereby said .clutch members are rotatable with but slidable axially of the spindle.

For operating the double-clutch members 8 into and out of engagement with their respective pinions, a slidable plunger is provided for each clutch member, said plungers being adapted to slide in longitudinal openings formed in the housing.

Each of the plungers is made up of two parts, a cylindrical part 12, having at its in'nerend a threaded portion of smaller diameter than the body of the plunger, and a part 12 shown best in Fig. 9, having a cylindrical portion provided in its end with a threaded opening for theireception of the threaded portion of the part 12, said part 12 being semi-cylindrical at its inner end and provided on its flat side with a transversely extending stud 13 adapted to engage a cam slot 14: formed in the inner facepof the setting disk 15, whereby, upon rotation of the disk, the plungers will be reciprocated. Each of the plungerscarries a pair of radially extending sprin members, most clearly shown in Fig. 6, eaci havlng a perforated stem 16 which is clamped between the plunger members 12 and 12 and extends through an opening 7 Fig. 11, in the wall of the sleeve 7, said stem merging into a bifurcated portion 16 that engages a peripheral grove 8 formed in the clutch member 8, the bifurcated portion of one member being bent or spread away from the other so that they engage respectively the opposite side walls of the groove 8, as shown 1 in Fig. 3.

Between the two innermost pinions 6 is disposed upon the spindle 3. a pair of single clutch members 19, each having at its outer end an annular flange 20 and a pair of oppositely disposed teeth 21, said teeth being extended inwardly of the clutch member or sleeve, as shown in Fig. 10, to form keys for engagement with the grooves in the spindle, whereby the single clutch members are rotatable with but slidable longitudinally of said spindle, said teeth being adapted to engage ratchet teeth 22 formed in the abutting face of the pinion 6. The single clutch members 19 are normally constrained toward each other and with their teeth out of engagement with the pinions by means of a coil spring 23, the opposite ends of which are hooked over a bent pin 24 projecting at the interior of the respective clutch members, the pins being so located that they and the coil spring find a clearance in one of the spline grooves of the spindle. Each of the flanges 20 of the clutch members 19 is seated within an opening formed in the frame, as shown in Fig. 3, and a capstan stud 25 is supported for rotation within an opening at right angles to and intersecting said first opening at one portion thereof, said capstan stud being provided: wit-h a radially extending, springpressed pawl or dog 26 that is adaptedto bear on the flange of one of the clutch mem-' bers when the capstan 'is rotated so as to bring said pawl into parallelism with the spindle, whereby the clutch member is forced against the tension of the coil spring 23 into engagement with the ratchet teeth of its abutting pinion. clearance toenable the pawl to springout sufficiently far to engage the flanges of the clutch members, the wall of the opening in which the capstan is mounted is cut away at diametrically opposite points, as shown at 27 in Fig. 3. It will thus be seen that the pawl is normally retained in withdrawn position by contact of its outer end with the wall ofthe opening in which the capstan is carried, but when the capstan is rotated to bring the pawl into parallelism with the In order to provide spindle, the niches 27 in the wall willpermit the pawl to be protracted under the action of its spring 28into-Icontact with the flange of one or theother single clutch l9, as shown in Figs. 14 and 19, depending on whether the tool spindle is to be adjusted for right or left hand operation. The capstan 25' may be either formed integrally'with the setting disk 15, or, as shown'herein, se-

cured thereto by providing a shouldered stem on the capstan adapted to fit a central opening in the disk, the disk being retained on the stem bymeans of a screw 29seated in a countersunk opening in the diskand threaded into the capstan stem. In order'to guard against any possibility of the capstan and disk rotating one relatively to the other,

a groove andkey connection, as shown at 30, 3, is formed between the diskand order to retain the capstan and setting disk in any set position, the capstan is provided with a plurality of peripheral depressions 33, Fig. 1, into which is adapted to project a spring-pressed ball which is located in the wall of the frame and retained therein by means ofa screw 34, Figs. 1 and 4:, threaded into the outerend of said opening, it being understood that there is one depression 33 for each adjustment of the tool spindle. i

For driving the spindle, a pair of coaxial gears, shown herein as integrally connected together, is provided,the outer, larger gear 35 meshing with the outermost pinions 6 and the inner smaller gear 36 meshing with i means of a set screw 89, and having. its

free end bifurcated so as to engage the peripheral groove in the hub of the gears. As herein shown, the gears are retained agaist axial movement on the stud by means of a clip 4C1 which is secured by a set screw.

to the frame and extends a short distance over the back of the larger gear. It will be obvious that any other suitable means may be employed for retaining the gears against axial displacement. 1 v

The frame 2 is attached by means of a tubular extension 42 to a breast portion or head 43, having the usual concave formation and preferably provided with a flexible strap l4 bridging the ends thereof. The

frame also carries the usual removable setting disk. to indicate the direction of the.

operative motion of the spindle according to whether the disk marking is set adjacent toRi,qht or Left on the frame, register-- ingr index lines being provided on the disk and frame for indicating the exact position of the parts for causing a glven operation of the spindle.

The formation of the cam groove 14 in the setting: disk and the position of the pawl 96 relative to said groove are such that, the following operations of the tool spindle will take place in response to the corresponding setting! of the disk. all of the said operations being brought about during one complete rotation of the disk: 7

I ll' eutmlpositz'on (F 12) The two double clutch members 8 between the pairs of pinions 6, 6, occupya central position between said pinions, so as to be entirely out of engagement with either pin-- ion. The pawl 26 is in retracted position, so that the single clutch members 19 are both retained by the coil spring- 23 out of engagement with the pinions 6. position. as will be readily seen, all of the pinions are free to rotate on the spindle, and therefore rotation of the crank handle will produce no movement of the spindle.

2M position (Fig. Q).

. By a slight rotative movement of the set- In this ting disk from neutral position, the cam groove acts on the stud 13 of the lower plunger 12?,so as to carrythe lower double clutch 8 into partial or ratchet engagement with the lowermost pinion 6, thus locking 4 the spindle for rotation with the pinions in one directiomall of the other parts remain;-

ing in neutral position. Botation of the crank handle in forward direction, with the parts in this position, will'produce a fast,

forward or right-hand motion of the tool spindle, while the backwardv or left-hand motion of the handle will cause the teethof th lower double clutch to slide over the teeth of the pinionfii.

3rd position (Fig. 13).

Further rotative movement of the setting disk from the second position causes the cam groove to continue to act on the stud of the lower plunger so as to carry the double clutch into full clutch engagement with the lower pinion 6, whereby thespindle is locked for rotation with said pinion in both directions, the other partsstill retaining their relative neutral positions In this position, the too]. spindle follows the motion of the handle inboth directions; that is to say, the spindle will havea fast, direct, for ward motion when the handle is rotated in forward direction, and the motion of the spindle will be reversed when the handle is reversed. 1 I

tthposition (Fig. 1.4).

,The disk is again rotated another step from the 3rd'position; which rotation brings the pawl 26 into a position parallel with the spindle, whereupon the pawl is forced outward by its spring 28 into engagement with the upper single clutch 19, thus carryin; the clutch into engagement with the ratchet teeth of the upper inner pinion 6*. In the meantime, the cainhgrroove has exerted a slight retractive action on the lower plunger. thereby winging; the doubleclutch member 8 again 'intoratchet engagement with .the lower-pinionv 6. The spindle-is thus locked for rotation with'the lower pinion in one direction and withtheupper, in-

ner "pinion 6 in the opposite direction. With the parts in this position. 'a forward movement is imparted to the spindle whether i the handle is rotated forward or backward.

In other words,fon forward rotation of the handlepthe" lower clutch '8 locks pinion 6 to the spindle. thus imparting a fast, forward upper single clutch 19 ratchets on the pinion 6. On reversing the directionof motion I motion to said spindle. during which the of the handle, the upper, single clutch locks the spindle to its pinion 6 thus'imparting a slow. forward motion to the spindle, dur; ing which the lower clutch 8 slides or ratchets over theteeth of'the pinion 6. f

1 512/]. position M I engagement with lower, inner pinion 6 Upon forward rotation of the handle, a slow, forward motion .is imparted to the spindle, while upon reversal of the mot1on of the handle the teeth of the lower double clutch 8 will slide or ratchet over the pinion 6 16% position (Fig.16).

from the 5th position carries the lower double clutchS into full clutch engagement with lower, inner pinionfi. In this position, a slow,'direct or forward motion will hey imparted to the spindle when the handle is rotatedin forward direction, the direction of rotation. of the spindle being reversed 'whenthe handle is reversed.-

Vtkposz'tion (Fig. 1'7).

The next step in the rotation of the setting disk from the 6th posit-ion carries the lower clutch 8 into neutral position, while the upper double clutch 8 is carried into ratchet engagement with the upper, outermost pinion 6. In this position, the spindle will have a fast, backward or left-hand motion when the handle is rotated forward,

-while when'the handle is reversed, the pin- 7 ion 6 slides or raltchets on the inclinedteeth of the double clutch 8.

8t]; position F 2'9 18). 1 The next step in the rotation of the setting disk carries the upper double clutch 8 into full clutch engagement-with the upper,

outermost pinion 6, in whichposition. the spindle is locked for fast backward motion when the handle is rotated in forward direction, and for forward motion when the handle is rotated'backward. I

'amf osazaa (Fig. 19).

The, next stept'in the rotation ofthe set ting disk withdraws the upper double clutch 8 back to ratchet engagement with upper, outermost pinion 6 and at the same time carries pawl 26 into position to engage the lower single clutch 19, thus forcing the latter into ratchet engagement with lower, innermost pinion 6 In this position, the spindlewill be rotated in backward direction with a fast motion when the handle is rotated in forward direction, and will be rotated backward "with a slow Continued rotation of the setting disk motion when the handle is reversed.

10th. position 20).

thehandle is moved forward, and will ratchet or remain stationary when the handle is moved backward.

111a. position (Fig. 21

The next step inthe rotation of-the setting disk carries the upper double olutch'8 into full clutch engagement with upper, innermost pinion 6, thus setting the parts for slow, backward movement of the spindle when the handle is rotated forward, and slow, forward movement of the spindle when the handle is rotated backward.

The next step in the rotation of the setting disk carriesthe parts back into neutral position. Y

By means of the step by ste rotation of the setting disk, therefore, ten distinct combinations of forward and backward motions are imparted to the tool spindle in response to the corresponding direction of rotation of the handle, namely:

Rotation of Motion of handle. Spindle.

Forward. Fast forward.

Backward. N o motion (ratchet). Forward. Fast forward.

, Backward. Fast backward. Forward. Fast forward. Backward. Slow forward. Forwarcb Slow forward. Backward. No motion (ratchet). Forward. Slow forward. Backward. Slow backward.

Forward. Fast backward.

Backward. Nomotion (ratchet).

Forward-.= Fast backward.

Backward. J Fast forward. Forward. Fast backward. Backward. "."Slow backward. Forward. Slow backward; Backward. No motion (ratchet). Forward. Slow backward.

, Backward. Slow forward.

While l have described in detail the structure herein. illustrated, it is to be understood that I do not thereby limit my invention to the precise features of construction therein shown, as I am aware that many mechanical changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit, and scope of the claims appended hereto.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

'1. A tool, comprising, in combination, a

frame, a spindle mounted for. rotation in said frame, an'operating handle mounted for rotation on the frame, gearingbetween said spindle and handle and adapted to be actuated by the handle for rotating the spindle at different speeds, and means adjustable in one'operation for changing the relative motion of the gearing and spindle thereby to impart to the spindle alternately a fast motion and a slow motion when the handle is rotated forward and backward respectively. I

2. A tool, comprising, in combination, a frame, a spindle mounted for rotation in said frame, an operating handle mounted,

for rotation onthe frame, gearing between said spindle and handle and adapted to be actuated by the handle for rotating the spindle at different speeds, and means ad justable in one operation for changing the relative motion of the gearing and spindle I thereby to impart to the spindle alternately a fast motion and a slow motion inthe same direction when the handle is rotated forward and backward respectively.

3. In a tool of the class described, the combination of a rotatable spindle, means for changing the speed of rotation of said spindle, means for changing the direction of rotation ofthe spindle, and means for simultaneously controlling said speed and direction chan in means.

b 2") 4. A tool, comprising, in combination, a

frame, a spindle mounted for rotation in said frame, an operating handle mounted; for rotation on the frame, gearing between said spindle and handle adapted to be actuated by the handle for rotating the spindle,

and means adjustable in'one operation for changing the relative motion of the gearrotating the spindle means for changing the direction of rotation of the spindle, and means for simultaneously controlling said gearing and .direction changing means thereby to impart t0 the spindle during one complete cycle of said controlling means the following motions in response to the forward and backward rotation of the handle respectively: a fast f rward motion and a slow forward motion, a fast backward motion and no motion, a fast backward motion and a fast forward motion, a fast backward motion and a slowbackward motion,

a slow backward motion and no motion,

and a slow backward motionand a slow forward motion.

6. A tool, comprising, in combination, a frame, a spindle mounted for rotation in said frame, pinions mounted for rotation on said spindle, gears mounted for rotation on said frame and each in mesh with one of said pinions and adapted to impart a fast and a slow motion to the spindle, a

handle for operating saidgears, and means simultaneously operable for locking one of said pinions for rotation with the spindle in one direction and another of said pinions for rotationv with the spindle in the opposite direction thereby to impart to the spindle a fast and a slow motion respec tively during the forward and backward rotation of the handle...

7. A tool, comprising, in combination, .a frame, a spindle mountedfor rotation in said frame, a plurality of pinions mounted for rotation on said spindle, gears mounted for rotation on said frame and each in mesh with one of said pinions, a handle for actuating said gears, a shiftable clutch sleeve mounted on said spindle for rotation therewith, said .clutch sleeve having integral means at its opposite ends forengaging the respective pinions thereby to lock the pinions for rotation with the spindle, said means being adapted when the clutch member is in one position to lock one of the pinions for rotation only in one direction and when in another position to lock thepinion. for rotation in the same and the opposite direction, and means for shifting said clutch member.

'8. A tool, comprising, in combinati n, a frame, a spindle "mounted for rotation in said frame, a plurality of pairs of pinions, the pinions of each pair being mounted for independent rotation on .said spindle, gears mounted for rotation on said frame and each in mesh with one pinion of eachpair,

, a handle for actuating said gears, a pair of double clutch members mounted on said spindle for rotation therewith and shiftable axially thereof o'nebetween the pinions of each pair, each of said clutch members havlocking the respective pinions for rotation with the spindle, and means for simultaneously shifting said clutch members.

9. A tool, comprising, in combination, a

25 in'g integral meansat its opposite ends for frame, a spindle mounted for rotation in said frame, a plurality of pairs of pinions mounted for rotation on said spindle, gears mounted for rotation on said trams and each in mesh with one pinion of each pair, a

handle for rotating said gears, 21 double clutch member carried by said'spindle for rotation therewith and shiftable axially thereof between the pinions of each pair, a

pair of single clutch members mounted for rotation with the spindle and shiftable axially thereof between the pairs of pinions, each of said double clutch members being adapted to loclreither oi its pinions for rotation with the spindle in one direction, and each oflthe single clutch members being adapted to lock one of the pinions for rotation with the spindle in the opposite direction, and means 'for simultaneously shifting said clutch membersinto operative position.

10. A tool, comprising", in combination, a frame, a spindle mounted :for rotation in said frame, a plurality of pairs of pinions mountedi or rotation on said spindle, each pair.

comprising an outer and an inner pinion, a plurality of driving gears mounted for rotationon said'frame'and each in mesh with onedirection, means for shifting either of, said double" clutch members into engagement one pinion of eachpair a handle for actuating said gears, a double'clutch' member carriedrbysaid spindle for rotation therewith and shiftable relatively thereto be tween the pinions of each pair, said clutch members and pinions. having cooperating teeth, adapted to lock the 'pinions for rota tion with the clutch members, a pair of single clutch, members carried by said spindle for rotation therewith and shiftable relatively thereto between the inner pinions of v the respective pairs, cooperating means carried by sa d inner pinions and-single clutch members for locking saidpinions for rota-.

tion with their respective clutch' members in with the outer pinion of its pairthereby to lockfsaid pinion for rotation in one directiononly and simultaneously shiftingJone of said single clutch members into engagement with the. inner pinion of the other pair thereby to lock" the same for rotation in the opposite direction;

11. A tool, comprising, in combination, a

frame, a spindle mounted for rotation in said frame, a plurality of pairs of pinions mounted for rotation on said spindle, each pair comprising an outerand an inner pinion, a plurality of driving gears mounted for rotation on said frame and each 1n mesh with one pinion of each pair, a double clutch member carried by saidspindle for rotation th'erewithand shiftable relatively thereto'between the pinions of each pair, said clutch members and pinions having cooperating teeth adaptechto lock the pinionsfor rot-a:

tion with the clutch members, a pair ot'sinclutch members carried by the spindle of said double clutch members, a pawl for shifting said single clutch members into en} gagement with their respective'pinions, and means for simultaneously o peratlng said plungers and pawls to adjust the clutch members in proper position relatively to the pinions thereby to impart to the spindle a,

predetermined motion.

12. In a device of the class described, the

combination of .a rotatable spindle, a pair of pinions mounted for independent rotation on said spindle, means for rotating saidpinions at different speeds, a shiftable double clutch mounted on said spindle for rotation therewith between said pinions and adapted] :to engage either of the pinions for rotating, the spindle inone direction, ashiftable sin gle. clutch also mounted "on the spindle for;

rotation therewith and adapted to engage one otsaid pinlonslfor rotating the spindle intheopposite direction, and means for,

shifting: said clutches in unison;

13. In a device of the class described, the, combination of a rotatable spindle, two pairsof pinions mounted for independentrota I tion on said spindle, means forrotating one" pinion of each pair at a different speed from that of the other, a'pair of shiftable double,

clutches mounted on said spindle for rotation therewith, one between the pinionsofl each pair, said clutches being adapted to engage either pinion of the respective pairs,

for rotating the spindle in one direction, a

pair of shii table single clutches also mount-I ed upon the spindle forrotation therewith between'th'e pairs of pinions and each adapt-i ed to engage one plnionjof a pair for rotating the spindle in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the double clutch of the same pair, and means for shifting said clutches in unison thereby to simultaneously change" the speed and direction of rotation of the spindle. Y

In testimony wh'ereofl have signed name to this' specification. Q OSCARD. HAPGOOD. 

